Medical devices are instruments, apparatuses, machines, or implants that are used to diagnose, prevent, monitor, treat, or manage medical conditions. These devices are crucial in modern healthcare and can range from simple tools like thermometers and blood pressure cuffs to more complex equipment like prosthetic limbs and pacemakers. Research in the field of medical devices focuses on developing new technologies, improving existing devices, and ensuring their safety and efficacy for patient use. This research area often involves collaboration between engineers, medical practitioners, and regulatory agencies to advance healthcare technologies and improve patient outcomes.